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胡克斯特拉大使的失误:美加关系火上浇油
2025年9月29日
https://unpublished.ca/opinion/missteps-of-ambassador-hoekstra-fueling-a-fire-in-us-canada-relations
美加关系曾是睦邻合作的灯塔,如今却在关税、吞并言论以及美国大使皮特·胡克斯特拉的有害外交政策下摇摇欲坠。自2025年4月上任以来,胡克斯特拉的言辞激烈,批评不一,威胁北美防空司令部,并就加拿大国防预算发表不当言论,加剧了两国紧张关系。他的行为,加上最近发生的一起美国边境官员加速冲向一名加拿大游客并高喊“永远不要再来美国!”的事件,描绘出两国伙伴关系岌岌可危的惨淡景象。
2025年7月21日,在华盛顿州贝尔维尤举行的太平洋西北经济区峰会上,一段录音捕捉到了这位大使的言论,他称加拿大人因为不愿前往美国而“卑鄙无耻”,这进一步激起了公众的不满。9月18日,在哈利法克斯商会的一次活动中,胡克斯特拉的失态开始引起人们的关注,当时他表达了对加拿大人对美加债券缺乏热情的“失望”。他将最近由马克·卡尼领导的自由党赢得的联邦选举活动称为“反美”活动,因为该活动提出了“拱手让步”的口号——这是对美国对加拿大征收惩罚性关税的直接回应,自 2025 年 4 月以来,美国对加拿大征收的关税已导致加拿大 GDP 损失 120 亿美元,其对美出口额下降 16%。
9月25日,在班夫论坛上,他批评财政部长弗朗索瓦-菲利普·尚皮恩将贸易争端称为“战争”,认为其“危险”。讽刺的是:加拿大并没有挑起这场战争。美墨加协定(USMCA)曾经确保了钢铁、铝、木材、铜、汽车和零部件的免税贸易,但却被特朗普总统的“国家安全”关税而不是加拿大的侵略行为撕碎。加拿大克制征收的80亿美元报复性关税只是损害的冰山一角,但胡克斯特拉却把我们当成了问题所在。
自2024年末以来,特朗普已八到十次呼吁加拿大成为“第51州”——从超级碗到《时代》杂志的采访——将其与贸易救济或“金穹”导弹防御计划联系起来,后者要求加拿大支付610亿美元,否则就加入美国。2025年9月安格斯·里德民意调查显示,68%的加拿大人认为这“令人反感”。卡尼总理在2025年6月于阿尔伯塔省举行的北约峰会上的反驳——“加拿大永远不会成为第51州”——引起了强烈反响。然而,胡克斯特拉似乎对加拿大捍卫其主权的行为比总统的挑衅行为更恼火。
F-35战机事件是另一个导火索。 2025年5月21日,胡克斯特拉在接受加拿大电视台《权力游戏》(CTV Power Play)采访时警告称,如果加拿大不购买88架洛克希德·马丁公司的F-35战机,可能会“威胁到北美防空司令部”(NORAD),而北美防空司令部是两国共同制定的防御协议,对北美大陆安全至关重要。今年8月,他在《贾斯敏·莱恩播客》(Jasmin Laine Podcast)中进一步强调了这一点,称:“你负担不起两架战斗机,两个不同的战斗机项目。加拿大应该自己决定想要什么。他们想要F-35吗?还是想要其他产品?这是你自己的决定,但你负担不起两种战斗机。”
9月15日,他在《渥太华公民报》上重申了这一点,称潜在的“双战斗机”方案(例如F-35加上萨博的“鹰狮E”战斗机)“令人恼火”。加拿大国防部即将于9月30日就210亿美元的F-35战斗机采购协议做出决定(由于美国报告的超支,该协议金额从190亿美元增加到190亿美元)。胡克斯特拉的讲话不仅仅是施压,更是对加拿大主权财政选择的不当干涉。
美国大使无权决定加拿大的承受能力。F-35的整个生命周期可能高达700亿美元,每飞行小时成本为3.5万美元,而“鹰狮”战斗机每飞行小时成本仅为4000美元,这令人望而生畏,尤其是在关税引发的经济压力下。美国政府问责署(GAO)发布的一份2025年9月3日的报告指出,F-35的升级费用超出预算60亿美元,且比原计划晚了五年,这促使加拿大开始审查“鹰狮”战斗机等替代方案,该方案是在今年8月的北极防御协议中提出的。
几十年来,北美防空司令部一直使用混合机队作战——加拿大的CF-18战斗机与美国的F-15和F-22战斗机协同作战。据卡尔顿大学的埃莉诺·斯隆称,胡克斯特拉的互操作性恐慌纯属“无稽之谈”。他的言论听起来像是美国试图将加拿大锁定在其供应链中,而非出于真正的国防考虑。此外,加拿大可以用购买F-35战斗机的相同价格购买两倍数量的“鹰狮”战斗机。
所有这一切都发生在美加边境令人震惊的敌对状态之后。加拿大广播公司2025年9月20日的一篇报道详细描述了一起事件:一名美国边境官员加速冲向一名加拿大游客的车,并大喊:“永远不要再来美国!”正如魁北克男子爱德华·拉勒芒 (Edouard Lallemand) 所说,美国海岸警卫队撞上了他的船,导致船倾覆,随后又以在加拿大水域捕鱼为由逮捕了他,他差点溺水身亡。拉勒芒身着湿漉漉的衣服被关押了近两个小时,他说他从未见过有人如此愤怒,并被“
脏毯子。这些事件是加拿大人面临的敌意的缩影,从高级外交官到边防警卫。
或许胡克斯特拉大使更愿意担任其他外交职位?他的任期读起来就像特朗普的剧本——傲慢、不屑一顾,对美国政策造成的损害视而不见。从指责加拿大人不忠,到威胁北美防空司令部,再到干涉我们的国防预算,他正在疏远一个饱受关税、吞并嘲讽以及如今边境敌对情绪困扰的伙伴。外交需要尊重,而不是最后通牒。如果胡克斯特拉无法理解为什么加拿大人会反击——举起手肘——他或许会找到更合适的人选。在加拿大等待F-35战机采购决定并准备迎接美国下一轮攻击之际,我们应该拥有一个建立信任而非分裂的邻居。
参考文献
2025年9月29日
评论
TROY SPECK
2025年9月30日2025
特朗普任命胡克斯特拉这样咄咄逼人、不屑一顾的人担任驻加拿大大使绝非偶然。特朗普显然想从加拿大身上捞取好处,他要么一意孤行,要么硬要逼我们屈服,要么硬要他声称我们已经变成了“反美”国家,对美国构成了某种威胁,需要“处理”。我建议现在是时候全力以赴,展现加拿大的两大优势:1)战略创造力;2)幽默感。重点是第二点,虽然我们个人需要继续抵制美国商品和旅行,但与其公开表达对他言论的情绪、愤慨和愤怒,不如毫不留情地嘲笑他(和特朗普)。胡克斯特拉的每一个小举动,或者任何试图斥责、威胁或试图以其他方式“告诉加拿大该怎么做”的举动,都只能招致我们国家各界的嘲讽。从普通民众在评论区发帖,到作家和……从喜剧演员到记者和议员,无所不用其极。揭露他愚蠢的妄想,一个无能的恶霸。
詹姆斯·奥格雷迪
2025年9月29日
更像是反过来。加拿大人对美国选出一位法西斯总统深感失望。胡克斯特拉就是他的代言人。如果按照我的意愿,他根本就不会被允许担任驻加拿大大使。
Missteps Of Ambassador Hoekstra: Fueling A Fire In US-Canada Relations
An audio recording from the Pacific Northwest Economic Region summit on July 21, 2025, in Bellevue, Washington, captured the Ambassador calling Canadians “mean and nasty” for avoiding U.S. travel, further ignites public resentment. Hoekstra’s missteps began to draw attention on September 18th at a Halifax Chamber of Commerce event, where he expressed “disappointment” in Canadians for lacking enthusiasm for the US-Canada bond. He labeled the recent federal election campaign, won by Mark Carney’s Liberals, “anti-American” for its “elbows up” slogan - a direct response to punishing US tariffs on steel (50%), aluminum (50%), and autos (25%) that have cost Canada $12 billion in GDP and 16% of its US exports since April 2025. At a Banff forum on September 25, he criticized Finance Minister François-Philippe Champagne for calling the trade dispute a “war,” deeming it “dangerous.” The irony is stark: Canada didn’t start this fight. The US-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), which once ensured duty-free trade in steel, aluminum, lumber, copper, autos, and parts, has been shredded by President Trump’s “national security” tariffs, not Canadian aggression. Canada’s restrained $8 billion retaliatory tariffs are a fraction of the damage, yet Hoekstra casts us as the problem.
Since late 2024, Trump has called for Canada to become the “51st state” eight to ten times - in settings from the Super Bowl to a Time magazine interview - tying it to trade relief or the “Golden Dome” missile defence plan, which demands Canada pay $61 billion or join the US. A September 2025 Angus Reid poll shows 68% of Canadians find this “offensive.” Prime Minister Carney’s retort at the June 2025 NATO Summit in Alberta - “Canada will never be the 51st state” - resonates deeply. Yet Hoekstra seems more irritated by Canada’s defence of its sovereignty than by his president’s provocations.
The F-35 saga is another flashpoint. On May 21, 2025, in a CTV Power Play interview, Hoekstra warned that if Canada doesn’t buy 88 Lockheed Martin F-35 jets, it could “threaten NORAD,” the binational defense pact critical to continental security. He escalated this in August on the Jasmin Laine Podcast, stating, “You can’t afford two fighters, two different fighter jet programs. Canada should just decide what they want. Do they want F-35s? Do they want some other product? That’s your decision to make, but you can’t afford both of them.” He reiterated this on September 15 in the Ottawa Citizen, calling a potential “two-fighter” solution (e.g., F-35s plus Saab’s Gripen E) an “irritant.” As Canada’s Department of National Defence nears a September 30 decision on the $21 billion F-35 deal (up from $19 billion due to US-reported overruns), Hoekstra’s lecture is not just pressure - it’s an inappropriate intrusion into Canada’s sovereign fiscal choices.
It’s not the US ambassador’s place to dictate what Canada can afford. The F-35’s costs - potentially $70 billion over its lifecycle, with $35,000 per flight hour versus the Gripen’s $4,000 - are daunting, especially amid tariff-induced economic strain. A September 3, 2025, US GAO report flagged F-35 upgrades as $6 billion over budget and five years late, fueling Canada’s review of alternatives like the Gripen, pitched in an August Arctic defense pact.
NORAD has operated with mixed fleets—Canada’s CF-18s alongside US F-15s and F-22s - for decades, debunking Hoekstra’s interoperability scare as “nonsense,” per Carleton’s Elinor Sloan. His rhetoric smells of a US push to lock Canada into its supply chain, not a genuine defense concern. Besides, Canada can buy twice as many Gripen fighters for the same money as F-35s..
All of this comes on the heels of a shocking pattern of hostility at the US-Canada border. A CBC report from September 20, 2025, detailed an incident where a US border officer sped toward a Canadian tourist in a vehicle, yelling, “Never come to the U.S. again!” Just as a Quebec man, Edouard Lallemand, says he nearly drowned after the U.S. Coast Guard rammed his boat, causing it to capsize and then arresting him for fishing in what he claims were Canadian waters. Lallemand, who was jailed for nearly two hours in wet clothes, said he had never seen anyone so angry and that he was given a “dirty” blanket. These incidents are a microcosm of the hostility Canadians face, from top diplomats to border guards.
Perhaps Ambassador Hoekstra would rather be at a different diplomatic post? His tenure reads like a Trumpian playbook - condescending, dismissive, and blind to the damage US policies inflict. From accusing Canadians of disloyalty to threatening NORAD and meddling in our defense budget, he’s alienating a partner reeling from tariffs, annexation taunts, and now border hostility. Diplomacy requires respect, not ultimatums. If Hoekstra can’t grasp why Canadians are pushing back - elbows up - he might find a better fit elsewhere. As Canada awaits its F-35 decision and braces for the next US salvo, we deserve a neighbour who builds trust, not division.
It's no accident someone with Hoekstra's aggressive and dismissive approach was appointed by Trump as ambassador to Canada. Trump obviously is looking to leverage a number of things from Canada and is intent on either pushing until we give in, or until he can claim we have become "anti-American" and somehow a threat to the U.S. that needs to be "dealt with". I suggest it's time to go full-court press with 2 very Canadian strengths: 1) strategic creativity; and 2) humour Focusing on the 2nd, while we need to individually continue our boycott of American goods and travel, publicly, rather than showing emotion, indignation and anger over his remarks, we should just make fun of him (and Trump) mercilessly. Every small action or attempt by Hoekstra to chastise, threaten or otherwise purport to "tell Canada what to do" , must be met with nothing but pure comic derision from all quarters of our country. From average citizens posting on comment boards; and writers & comedians, all the way through to reporters and members of Parliament. Show him for the foolish wanna-be, feckless bully he is.
More like the other way around. Canadians are profoundly disappointed in America electing a fascist Prasident. Hoekstra is his mouthpiece. If we’re up to me, he wouldn’t have been allowed to serve as ambassador to Canada.
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